Joshua Hendarto
Copper Stream
3rd Marking Period Benchmark_Bio- Chemistry
Background:
The name of the chemical that I’ve chosen is Dichlorophenol. Dichlorophenol is used as a feedstock for manufacture of agricultural chemicals – especially herbicides such as 2,4-D, also, used in mothballs and some room deodorizers carcinogen.
Dichlorophenol is used in almost everywhere in the world. It is one of the many dangerous chemicals used in manufacturing other items. The hazards warnings for this specific chemical are cardiovascular toxicants, endocrine toxicant, and Immunotoxicant, it is harmful if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through the skin. It can also cause severe skin and eye irritant. Based on information obtained from recent worker fatality cases, skin exposure to a small amount of molten 2,4-Dichlorophenol, as little as one percent of your body surface, about the size of your hand, may lead to death.
Dichlorophenol’s molecular weight is 163.0 and it melts at 45°C1 and boils at 210.0°C1. What it does is, it repels pesticides and some may even kill it. Recently found, house items like mothballs that we use on daily basis contains this specific chemical and are endangering our health.
Applied laws and regulations: Water Supply Law, Water Pollution Control Law, Law
Marine Pollution Prevention Law, Sewage Water Law
Synthesis/ Production:
To produce a certain amount of 2, 4 Dichlorophenol, phenol and diethyl amine are dissolved in of toluene. As it is mixing, sulfuric chloride was added drop by drop under heating at about 70° C and stir. After a couple of hours, let the new mixture cool and then add aqueous saturated sodium hydrogen carbonated solution. After drying and hardened (chemical reaction), wash the new compound with hydrochloric acid and water.
Dichlorophenol is made by compound of mono-, di- and trichloroderivatives of phenol. Dichlorophenol acid of 89% purity is obtained, and then by crystallization it is refined to an active isomer. The final product is then heated to a liquid state and mixed with specific types of herbicides.
Phenol & diethylamine:
2C6 8H66O + (6C29H5)2NH→ C8H12ON2 + H2O
Economic/Political Impact:
The banning of 2, 4 Dichlorophenol will not take place, because as of right now, it does not pose a high level of dangerous threats yet to it’s surrounding environment. If this chemical were banned, we would not have specific types of herbicides and weed killers. Other countries such as Europe and United States are exporting 2, 4 Dichlorophenol to other countries including most parts of Canada. If this product were to be banned there wouldn’t be any effect on the average Americans, except for reducing the chance of getting cancer.
According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a ruling, which stated that the existing data that they have do not support a conclusion that links human health issues to Dichlorophenol exposure. Opposing against EPA, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has concluded that the 2, 4 Dichlorophenol amongst other herbicides, pose a threat to humans that can result as the growth of cancer.
Possible Dangers:
Dichlorophenol is used to make dyestuff and herbicides including moth- balls and some room deodorizers. Dichlorophenol vaporize at the averagely 25° Celsius, about 77° Fahrenheit. Therefore, if the temperature inside a room is high enough to vaporize the Dichlorophenol; it will be congested through our respiratory system, which can lead to possible cardiovascular toxicants. Since Dichlorophenol is also used in room deodorizer, what is sprayed can fall down and land on our skin, which can cause possible endocrine toxicant and immunotoxin.
Specific Process and Health Implications on a Human Being:
The endocrine hormone system plays an important in stages of growth and sexual development. The endocrine hormone system consists of the endocrine glands, including the testicles, the ovaries and the pancreatic glands. These glands release hormones, which is a chemical messenger that is released into the bloodstream to stimulate other organs/ receptors. If a different chemical, not- known to our body, such as Dichlorophenol is released into the glands; damage will be caused to the glands and will eventually create a huge problem in growth and sexual development in a child’s body. This is also true for adults, only that an adult human who gets an endocrine toxicants can possibly lead to a stop in sperm or eggs (in a women’s case) reproduction.
Similar to endocrine toxicant, an immunotoxin is a toxin, which is in this case, the Dichlorophenol targets the immune system which can cause the immune system to malfunction. When the immune system malfunctions, there is an increased chance of getting diseases and cancers.
Dichlorophenol Environmental Implications:
Dichlorophenol IS a dangerous chemical, yet, it is degradable. If Dichlorophenol is released into the atmosphere, degradation (breaking down a complex compound into simpler compounds.) can occur by reaction with photo chemically (a type of an air pollution) formed hydroxyl radicals (neutral form of the hydroxide ion.). Meaning that when it gets into the open atmosphere, it will degrade itself. It will degrade as soon as it enter the outside air. The molecular form of Dichlorophenol is C6 H4 Cl2 O and the molecular form of Hydroxyl is OH therefore, C6 H4 Cl2 O + OH→ C6 H5 Cl2 O2
Abstract & Summary
Dichlorophenol is used as a feedstock for manufacture of agricultural chemicals – especially herbicides such as 2,4-D, also, used in mothballs and some room deodorizers carcinogen. The hazards warnings for this specific chemical are cardiovascular toxicants, endocrine toxicant, and Immunotoxicant, it is harmful if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through the skin. It can also cause severe skin and eye irritant. Dichlorophenol’s molecular weight is 163.0 and it melts at 45°C1 and boils at 210.0°C1.
Dichlorophenol vaporize at the averagely 25° Celsius, about 77° Fahrenheit. Therefore, if the temperature inside a room is high enough to vaporize the Dichlorophenol; it will be congested through our respiratory system, which can lead to many possible health issues. Dichlorophenol IS a dangerous chemical, yet, it is degradable. To produce Dichlorophenol, certain procedures are needed including chemical reactions of mixed elements that are added to create Dichlorophenol. Dichlorophenol has been marked “a dangerous chemical that can lead to cancer” by the EPA, but as of right now, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) said that it does not pose a threat to the human health.
In my opinion, 2, 4 Dichlorophenol is a dangerous chemical and can threat our health system, but I do not feel the need that it should be banned. Dichlorophenol helps us kill bugs, prevent them from ruining our lives and also helps us strain less on cutting that annoying weed in our lawn. If this chemical, though, are creating issues that is threatening our health and future, then banning it would be a good idea.
Summary
Dichlorophenol is one of the chemicals that you can find in one of your store aisle inside home improvement items and it can also be purchased through the Internet for an amount of money. In my opinion, this is a very dangerous stuff. Anyone can purchase it and might be a huge problem to other people if not used correctly. Therefore, another idea to solve this problem is to ban rights to purchase such chemical without certain liscence. Dichlorophenol is a dangerous chemical, and not taking chances whether it will or will not lead to cancer is a good idea, even if it does not cause cancer. Therefore, I agree to the banning of 2, 4 Dichlorophenol.
Copper Stream
3rd Marking Period Benchmark_Bio- Chemistry
Background:
The name of the chemical that I’ve chosen is Dichlorophenol. Dichlorophenol is used as a feedstock for manufacture of agricultural chemicals – especially herbicides such as 2,4-D, also, used in mothballs and some room deodorizers carcinogen.
Dichlorophenol is used in almost everywhere in the world. It is one of the many dangerous chemicals used in manufacturing other items. The hazards warnings for this specific chemical are cardiovascular toxicants, endocrine toxicant, and Immunotoxicant, it is harmful if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through the skin. It can also cause severe skin and eye irritant. Based on information obtained from recent worker fatality cases, skin exposure to a small amount of molten 2,4-Dichlorophenol, as little as one percent of your body surface, about the size of your hand, may lead to death.
Dichlorophenol’s molecular weight is 163.0 and it melts at 45°C1 and boils at 210.0°C1. What it does is, it repels pesticides and some may even kill it. Recently found, house items like mothballs that we use on daily basis contains this specific chemical and are endangering our health.
Applied laws and regulations: Water Supply Law, Water Pollution Control Law, Law
Marine Pollution Prevention Law, Sewage Water Law
Synthesis/ Production:
To produce a certain amount of 2, 4 Dichlorophenol, phenol and diethyl amine are dissolved in of toluene. As it is mixing, sulfuric chloride was added drop by drop under heating at about 70° C and stir. After a couple of hours, let the new mixture cool and then add aqueous saturated sodium hydrogen carbonated solution. After drying and hardened (chemical reaction), wash the new compound with hydrochloric acid and water.
Dichlorophenol is made by compound of mono-, di- and trichloroderivatives of phenol. Dichlorophenol acid of 89% purity is obtained, and then by crystallization it is refined to an active isomer. The final product is then heated to a liquid state and mixed with specific types of herbicides.
Phenol & diethylamine:
2C6 8H66O + (6C29H5)2NH→ C8H12ON2 + H2O
Economic/Political Impact:
The banning of 2, 4 Dichlorophenol will not take place, because as of right now, it does not pose a high level of dangerous threats yet to it’s surrounding environment. If this chemical were banned, we would not have specific types of herbicides and weed killers. Other countries such as Europe and United States are exporting 2, 4 Dichlorophenol to other countries including most parts of Canada. If this product were to be banned there wouldn’t be any effect on the average Americans, except for reducing the chance of getting cancer.
According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a ruling, which stated that the existing data that they have do not support a conclusion that links human health issues to Dichlorophenol exposure. Opposing against EPA, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has concluded that the 2, 4 Dichlorophenol amongst other herbicides, pose a threat to humans that can result as the growth of cancer.
Possible Dangers:
Dichlorophenol is used to make dyestuff and herbicides including moth- balls and some room deodorizers. Dichlorophenol vaporize at the averagely 25° Celsius, about 77° Fahrenheit. Therefore, if the temperature inside a room is high enough to vaporize the Dichlorophenol; it will be congested through our respiratory system, which can lead to possible cardiovascular toxicants. Since Dichlorophenol is also used in room deodorizer, what is sprayed can fall down and land on our skin, which can cause possible endocrine toxicant and immunotoxin.
Specific Process and Health Implications on a Human Being:
The endocrine hormone system plays an important in stages of growth and sexual development. The endocrine hormone system consists of the endocrine glands, including the testicles, the ovaries and the pancreatic glands. These glands release hormones, which is a chemical messenger that is released into the bloodstream to stimulate other organs/ receptors. If a different chemical, not- known to our body, such as Dichlorophenol is released into the glands; damage will be caused to the glands and will eventually create a huge problem in growth and sexual development in a child’s body. This is also true for adults, only that an adult human who gets an endocrine toxicants can possibly lead to a stop in sperm or eggs (in a women’s case) reproduction.
Similar to endocrine toxicant, an immunotoxin is a toxin, which is in this case, the Dichlorophenol targets the immune system which can cause the immune system to malfunction. When the immune system malfunctions, there is an increased chance of getting diseases and cancers.
Dichlorophenol Environmental Implications:
Dichlorophenol IS a dangerous chemical, yet, it is degradable. If Dichlorophenol is released into the atmosphere, degradation (breaking down a complex compound into simpler compounds.) can occur by reaction with photo chemically (a type of an air pollution) formed hydroxyl radicals (neutral form of the hydroxide ion.). Meaning that when it gets into the open atmosphere, it will degrade itself. It will degrade as soon as it enter the outside air. The molecular form of Dichlorophenol is C6 H4 Cl2 O and the molecular form of Hydroxyl is OH therefore, C6 H4 Cl2 O + OH→ C6 H5 Cl2 O2
Abstract & Summary
Dichlorophenol is used as a feedstock for manufacture of agricultural chemicals – especially herbicides such as 2,4-D, also, used in mothballs and some room deodorizers carcinogen. The hazards warnings for this specific chemical are cardiovascular toxicants, endocrine toxicant, and Immunotoxicant, it is harmful if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through the skin. It can also cause severe skin and eye irritant. Dichlorophenol’s molecular weight is 163.0 and it melts at 45°C1 and boils at 210.0°C1.
Dichlorophenol vaporize at the averagely 25° Celsius, about 77° Fahrenheit. Therefore, if the temperature inside a room is high enough to vaporize the Dichlorophenol; it will be congested through our respiratory system, which can lead to many possible health issues. Dichlorophenol IS a dangerous chemical, yet, it is degradable. To produce Dichlorophenol, certain procedures are needed including chemical reactions of mixed elements that are added to create Dichlorophenol. Dichlorophenol has been marked “a dangerous chemical that can lead to cancer” by the EPA, but as of right now, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) said that it does not pose a threat to the human health.
In my opinion, 2, 4 Dichlorophenol is a dangerous chemical and can threat our health system, but I do not feel the need that it should be banned. Dichlorophenol helps us kill bugs, prevent them from ruining our lives and also helps us strain less on cutting that annoying weed in our lawn. If this chemical, though, are creating issues that is threatening our health and future, then banning it would be a good idea.
Summary
Dichlorophenol is one of the chemicals that you can find in one of your store aisle inside home improvement items and it can also be purchased through the Internet for an amount of money. In my opinion, this is a very dangerous stuff. Anyone can purchase it and might be a huge problem to other people if not used correctly. Therefore, another idea to solve this problem is to ban rights to purchase such chemical without certain liscence. Dichlorophenol is a dangerous chemical, and not taking chances whether it will or will not lead to cancer is a good idea, even if it does not cause cancer. Therefore, I agree to the banning of 2, 4 Dichlorophenol.